223000P.pdf   11/16/2023  Heather De Mian  v.  City of St. Louis, Missouri
   U.S. Court of Appeals Case No:  22-3000
   U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri - St. Louis   
   [PUBLISHED] [Kobes, Author, with Colloton and Grasz, Circuit Judges] 
   Civil case - Civil rights. Plaintiff was pepper sprayed while filming a 
   protest in St. Louis; the district court did not err in determining the 
   defendant police officer was entitled to qualified immunity as there was 
   no evidence that plaintiff interacted with the officer, that he was aware 
   of her presence or that she did anything to differentiate herself from the 
   other protestors in the crowd; there was no evidence the officer knew or 
   recognized plaintiff or that he sprayed in her direction in retaliation 
   for her actions; the lack of any causal connection was so free from doubt 
   that the district court did not err in taking this question from the jury; 
   in the absence of a constitutional violation, there can be no municipal 
   liability; the district court did not abuse its discretion by declining to 
   exercise supplemental jurisdiction over plaintiff's state law claims.