DISCLAIMER:  The following unofficial case summaries are prepared by the clerk's office
                        as a courtesy to the reader. They are not part of the opinion of the court.

062130P.pdf   03/28/2007  Charles E. Williams  v.  Carl Junction, Mo.
   U.S. Court of Appeals Case No:  06-2130
   U.S. District Court for the Western District of Missouri - Joplin   
   [PUBLISHED] [Bowman. Author, with Gruender and John R. Gibson,
   Circuit Judges]
   Civil case - Civil rights. Rule announced in Hartmann v. Moore, 126
   S. Ct. 1695 (2006) holding that a plaintiff asserting a Section 1983 claim
   that he was prosecuted for exercising his First Amendment rights must
   plead and prove a lack of probable cause for the underlying charges in
   order to sustain his First Amendment retaliation claim applied to
   plaintiff's claims, and the district court did not err in granting defendants
   summary judgment as plaintiff had failed to show that the police and
   code-enforcement officers who issued the citations in question lacked
   probable cause to do so.