DISCLAIMER:  Any unofficial case summaries below are prepared by the clerk's office
                        as a courtesy to the reader. They are not part of the opinion of the court.

163377P.pdf   07/26/2017  Josephine Havlak Photographer  v.  Village of Twin Oaks
   U.S. Court of Appeals Case No:  16-3377
   U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri - St. Louis   
[PUBLISHED] [Smith, Author, with Arnold and Shepherd, Circuit Judges] Civil case - Constitutional law. Defendant's permit policy concerning commercial activity in its public park was facially content neutral and the record does not indicate any governmental purpose to burden any particular message; lack of a permit exception for groups smaller than 10 people did not create a constitutional infirmity; deadlines for obtaining a permit were reasonable; fee was narrowly tailored to the actual costs the village incurs; there were many alternative locations in the St. Louis area where plaintiff could conduct her commercial photography and communicate her message; the ordinance does not leave the defendant with unbridled discretion and its permitting factors survive constitutional scrutiny.