193381P.pdf   10/01/2020  United States  v.  Ryan Thompson
   U.S. Court of Appeals Case No:  19-3381
   U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota   
   [PUBLISHED] [Kelly, Author, with Erickson and Stras, Circuit Judge] 
   Criminal case - Criminal law. The state court GPS vehicle warrants were 
   supported by probable cause; even if the warrants lacked probable cause, 
   the Leon good-faith exception would apply as the officer had an 
   objectively reasonable belief that probable cause existed for the vehicle 
   warrants; probable cause was required for the cell phone orders but even 
   if the orders lacked probable cause, the good-faith exception applies; the 
   officer had probable cause to stop and search defendant's car him based on 
   the information gained through the investigation; once the officer found 
   heroin in the car, he had probable cause to arrest defendant; the district 
   court did not err in determining defendant's pre-Miranda statements were 
   admissible; his first statements were admissible because a person would 
   not reasonably believe he was in custody when they were made; the second 
   set of statements were admissible under the public-safety exception; the 
   third set of statements were voluntary and not in response to 
   interrogation and were admissible.